臨床現場で直ぐに使える英語：産婦人科・助産師・女性総合編 – Anxiety Attack（不安・パニック発作）Taboo Health Series #4

動画タイトル

Women are twice as likely to experience anxiety attacks than men l GMA

女性は男性の二倍「不安発作」を経験する可能性がある。

by Dr. Jennifer Ashton

医学用語・基本用語「共通アイデアを掴んで覚えましょう」

neck up: psychological disorder, psychiatric illness, syndromes perception, mind, anxiety, anxious thoughts fear, dread, thoughts, feelings, shame, stigma,  stress, relationship episode, anxiety attack, acute anxiety attack, panic attack frequent vs frequently trigger, environmental trigger support groups, talk therapy, behavioral therapy neck down: physical symptom, physical sensation, dizzy, chest tightness, asthma anaphylactic reaction, allergic to  function emergency room, medical attention medication, take medication, as needed medications, prescription medication long-term chronic use approach, norm 動詞 progress, improve, occur, manage, modify, suffer from, treat, develop, happen, mean 形容詞 vs 副詞 effective vs effectively frequent vs frequently environment vs environmentally

「問題提起」
動画を視聴した後に下記のトピックについて議論/回答出来るようにしよう。

• アシュトン先生は内科医として「首から上」「首から下」をそれぞれどう扱うべきだと言っていますか？
• アシュトン先生は、中世の頃と比べて、精神疾患やメンタル・ディスオーダーの分野はどれだけ進化したと言っていますか？
• 女性の方が男性より２倍不安発作を起こしやすい「社会的要因」について議論しましょう。

動画を視聴した後に下記の設問に「〇かX」或いは「簡潔に」答えましょう。設問に「全問正解」なさった方には「Zoomレッスン90分」１回を無料でプレゼント。

連絡先と共にコメント欄からどしどしご応募ください。

1. 女性の方が男性より２倍「不安発作」を起こしやすい要因をいくつかあげていますが、それらは？
2. アシュトン先生は自身も不安発作を起こした経験がありますが、トリガーは何ですか？
3. トリガーが無くても不安発作は起きる。
4. 「ビー玉がテーブルの端を転げ落ちる」とは何を表す比喩ですか？
5. 中世の頃、女性が精神疾患を患うと”悪霊に憑りつかれている”、と思われていた。
6. メンタル・ディスオーダーの治療法にはどのようなものがありますか？
7. 向精神薬、抗てんかん剤、精神安定剤等は「長期服用」しても安全である。
8. 喘息の発作に対してどういうメディカルアドバイスを行いますか？

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Full Story

Do you know / if you’re a woman / you’re /more than twice as / likely to suffer from anxiety / than if you were a man[Music]
more than twice as ….. as　2倍以上の….
be likely to不定詞　～しそうである、しがちである、陥りやすい
suffer from　～に苦しむ、～を患う

Anxiety is a psychological disorder/ whereby people have either thoughts or physical sensations of stress, impending doom, fear, dread and it can be debilitating
psychological disorder
whereby 〔それによって〕～する【副】
either A or B  AかそれともB
thoughts　考え、思い、思考【名】
physical sensations  体感【名】
impending  差し迫った、今にも起こりそうな、迫り来る【形】
doom  凶運、悲運【名】
fear  恐怖感、恐怖心、懸念、心配（事）、不安【名】
dread  恐怖、不安、心配【名】
debilitating  〔病気などが身体を〕衰弱［消耗］させる【形】
psychological disorder  精神疾患、心理的障害

Most people will admit to having anxious thoughts or feeling anxious/ at some point /during their lives
anxiety 【名】 vs anxious 【形】
think 【動】 vs thought【名】
admit to ～ing 　～する事実を認める
anxious thoughts　不安（念慮）
feel anxious　不安を感じる
at some point　ある時点で、ある時期に

However /people /who really suffer from a true anxiety disorder /find that /those thoughts feelings or symptoms are occurring more frequently /with greater severity /and actually can have an effect on their ability to function /in some cases their ability to hold a job /their ability to sustain a relationship
feel 【動】 vs feelings【名】
symptoms  症状、症候
occur  起こる、発生する、生じる
frequently  高い頻度で、頻繁に【副】 
with greater severity  重い症状で
severe 【形】vs severity【名】
actually
have an effect on XX　～に影響する、～に影響を与える［及ぼす・もたらす］
ability to function　機能能力
hold a job　職を維持する
sustain a relationship　関係維持する
in some cases

I myself have suffered from anxiety attacks /as well
I myself　私自身
as well　同様に

In my case/ it all started /after i had had an anaphylactic reaction to/ a particular food /that of course /led me to the emergency room /for medical attention
anaphylactic reaction アナフィラキシー反応
a particular food 特定の食べ物
lead A to B  AをBに導く［つなげる］
emergency room
medical attention 治療

After that/ i had a couple of episodes /where i thought mistakenly /that i had eaten that same food /that i was allergic to
a couple of episodes
mistakenly 誤って〔～する〕、間違って〔～する〕
allergic to 《be ～》～にアレルギーがある、～が大の苦手である

and even though/ i was not having any true physical symptoms of an anaphylactic reaction /once my mind went there
even though～であるけれども、～であるにしても
physical symptom 〔病気などの〕身体症状
once 【接続】～するとすぐに、～した時点で
my mind 私の頭の中

It was almost like /a marble rolling off the edge of at able
almost like《be ～》～のような役割を果たす
a marble ビー玉
roll off the edge of a table 〔物が～テーブルの端から〕転がり落ちる

I started to feel dizzy, i started to feel chest tightness
dizzy　目まいがする【形】
chest tightness 胸部圧迫

My heart was racing and /even though i recognized /that i was having an anxiety attack
heart was racing　どきどきする
recognize見分けがつく、識別する

I was unable to stop it /in my case experiencing /that medical emergency triggered anxiety attacks in similar situations /or what i thought were similar situations
was unable to～することができない
in my case
experience medical emergency医療的［医療措置を必要とする］緊急事態
in similar situations　同じような状況で
what i thought were similar situations　私が思う同じような状況

but other times/ people develop an anxiety disorder and they have no known actual trigger /that doesn’t make it any less real /that doesn’t make it any less severe
other times 他のときは
develop　発症する
no known actual trigger 　不明の　実際の　トリガー
doesn’t make it any less ～　・・・が・・・の「～」をそれほど弱める訳ではない

people suffering from anxiety/ still experience this shame and perception/ that there’s a stigma /that they are somehow less capable or weaker or wimpier or less in control
suffer from～に苦しむ、～を患う
shame
perception知覚、認知
stigma
somehowどういうわけか
less capable 《be ～》～より能力が低い［劣っている］
weak 〔人の性格が〕意思が弱い、意気地がない, 〔人の能力が〕低い、劣る
wimpy 弱虫の、根性［意気地のない］のない
in control 管理して、主導権を握って、状況をよく把握して

a medical historian could have a field day with going back/ hundreds and hundreds of years /to how various anxiety disorders /were treated /in some cases /women in particular /who may have had psychiatric illness or an acute anxiety attack were thought to be possessed by a spirit /you know /maybe even thought to be a witch
a medical historian 歴史学者
a field day 野外活動日
hundreds and hundreds of years 数百年
treat治療する、手当てする
in some cases
women in particular 特に、とりわけ
psychiatric illness 《病理》精神病
an acute anxiety attack 急性不安発作◆【略】AAA
were thought to be possessed by a spirit 悪魔に取りつかれていると考えられた。
a witch 魔女

i think that/ in some ways /we have to really take a good look and ask ourselves /how much have we really progressed /how much have things improved /and i think /the short answer is not enough[Music]
in some ways いくつかの点で
take a good look ～によく目を通す、～をよく見る、～を十分に観察する
ask ourselves 自問する
how much have we really progressed どれだけ発達、進歩、向上したか
how much have things improvedどれだけ改善・向上したか
the short answer is not enough　短い答えは十分でない

there are different types of medication for different anxiety syndromes
different types of medication　異なる種類の薬
anxiety syndromes 　不安症候群

some of them can be taken on an /as needed basis as needed medications/ like benzodiazepinesxanax klonopin valium
some of them 彼らの中には
be taken on　《be ～》・・で用いられる
as needed basis 必要な場合に［に応じて］
as needed medications
like
benzodiazepine　《薬学》ベンゾジアゼピン
xanax ザナックス◆向精神薬alprazolamの商品名
klonopin　クロノピン◆抗てんかん剤。日本での商品名はランドセン、リボトリール。一般名はクロナゼパム。
valium バリウム◆精神安定剤

they are incredibly effective for acute anxiety /they are not meant /nor are they really safe for long-term chronic use /on a daily basis
incredibly effective　～に信じられないほど効果がある［的である］
are not meant nor are ～を意味しないし・・・でもない
safe for long-term chronic use on a daily basis　毎日の長期的な慢性的服用が安全で・・

i see this /all the time/ in women/ they think/ well it’s just happening more and more frequently/  so i’ll just take the medication more and more frequently
all the time　年がら年中
more and more frequently ますます頻繁に

there’s a big difference /between /someone who has one anxiety attack or panic attack per year /and someone who has one per day as a medical doctor
a big difference between A and B　大きな違い
per year

i literally do not look at anything /that occurs from the neck up /as any different than something /that occurs from the neck down
literally文字どおり（に）
look at A as B ～を・・・としてとらえる
occur　発生する
the neck up
the neck down

so anxiety should be looked at /no differently than asthma /and as such /it should be managed with a full arsenal of approaches /meaning support groups, talk therapy, behavioral therapy/ modifying one’s environment or behavior/ and if necessary prescription medication
no differently than asthma　ぜんそくと全く同じ［変わらない］ように扱う
as such　従って、そのため
be managed with 《be ～》〔症状が〕～の服用で抑えられている［コントロールされている］
a full arsenal of approaches  満載の治療法の備蓄
mean　意味する
support groups, talk therapy, behavioral therapy
modify　行動修正する
environment or behavior　環境・行動
if necessary　必要であれば
prescription medication 処方薬

someone had asthma/ we wouldn’t be telling them/ just to move to a different location/ so they don’t experience environmental trigger/ and i think /that’s the kind of approach/ that someone suffering from an anxiety disorder deserves and they’re entitled to /and that should be the norm today /not the exception well
tell them to move 　引っ越すようにいう
so they don’t experience environmental trigger　環境トリガーを経験しないように
the kind of approach　アプローチの種類
deserve　～に値する
are entitled to　《be ～》～する資格［権限］がある
the norm today　標準
not the exception well 除外すること、例外として扱うことは　あまりない